If your dog is expecting puppies, understanding the pregnancy timeline is crucial for ensuring her health and preparing for the arrival of the litter. A dog’s pregnancy, or gestation period, lasts approximately 63 days (9 weeks). During this time, her body undergoes significant changes as the puppies develop.
In this guide, we’ll break down each week of pregnancy, covering key milestones, symptoms, and care tips. Whether you’re a breeder or a pet owner preparing for your dog’s first litter, this comprehensive timeline will help you every step of the way.
How Long Are Dogs Pregnant?
The average pregnancy length for a dog is 58 to 68 days, with most dogs giving birth around day 63. However, variations occur based on breed, litter size, and the individual dog.
Key Factors Affecting Pregnancy Duration:
✅ Breed Size – Smaller breeds may carry puppies slightly longer than larger breeds.
✅ Litter Size – Larger litters may lead to earlier labor, while smaller litters may extend pregnancy.
✅ First-Time Pregnancy – A first-time mother may have a slightly unpredictable timeline.
Pregnant Dog Timeline: Week-by-Week Breakdown
Week 1 (Days 1-7) – Fertilization & Early Changes
✔️ What’s Happening?
- After mating, sperm fertilizes the eggs in the oviducts.
- The fertilized eggs travel to the uterus, where they begin dividing.
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- No visible signs yet.
- Some mild behavioral changes (slightly less active).
✔️ Care Tips:
- Continue normal activities, but avoid extreme exercise.
- Provide high-quality food and fresh water.
Week 2 (Days 8-14) – Embryo Development Begins
✔️ What’s Happening?
- The fertilized eggs continue dividing and implant into the uterine lining.
- This marks the beginning of placenta formation, which will nourish the puppies.
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- Increased appetite or minor nausea.
- Slightly more affectionate or clingy.
✔️ Care Tips:
- Maintain regular nutrition and exercise.
- Avoid medications unless prescribed by a vet.
Week 3 (Days 15-21) – Early Pregnancy Symptoms Appear
✔️ What’s Happening?
- Embryos are about 1 cm in size.
- The placenta is fully formed, providing nutrients.
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- Possible morning sickness (vomiting, loss of appetite).
- Increased sleep and slight weight gain.
- Nipples may become slightly larger.
✔️ Care Tips:
- Offer small, frequent meals if she experiences nausea.
- Avoid rough play and high-impact activities.
Week 4 (Days 22-28) – Pregnancy Can Be Confirmed
✔️ What’s Happening?
- Puppies have developed tiny heartbeats.
- Vet can confirm pregnancy via ultrasound.
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- Visible weight gain and rounded belly.
- Increased hunger and nipple enlargement.
✔️ Care Tips:
- Schedule a vet check-up to confirm pregnancy.
- Transition to a higher-calorie diet for pregnant dogs.
Week 5 (Days 29-35) – Fetal Growth Accelerates
✔️ What’s Happening?
- Puppies’ facial features begin forming.
- Skeletons start calcifying (hardening).
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- Noticeable belly enlargement.
- Increased urination due to pressure on the bladder.
- Possible personality changes (more affectionate or withdrawn).
✔️ Care Tips:
- Begin feeding puppy food to meet increased calorie needs.
- Avoid stressful environments.
Week 6 (Days 36-42) – Belly Becomes More Noticeable
✔️ What’s Happening?
- Puppies develop whiskers, claws, and pigmentation.
- Mother’s milk production may begin.
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- Belly is rounder and firmer.
- More sluggish and easily tired.
- Nipples may darken and produce colostrum.
✔️ Care Tips:
- Increase food portions but avoid overfeeding.
- Prepare a whelping box in a quiet area.
Week 7 (Days 43-49) – Preparing for Birth
✔️ What’s Happening?
- Puppies are almost fully developed but still growing.
- Mother’s abdomen drops lower.
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- Decreased appetite due to abdominal pressure.
- Begins nesting behaviors (digging, gathering blankets).
- Restlessness or pacing.
✔️ Care Tips:
- Introduce your dog to the whelping area.
- Reduce intense activity—focus on gentle exercise.
Week 8 (Days 50-56) – Final Preparations
✔️ What’s Happening?
- Puppies start moving in the belly (you may see them!).
- Mother’s mammary glands are swollen with milk.
✔️ Signs in Your Dog:
- Less active, sleeping more.
- Increased nesting behaviors.
- Colostrum leakage from nipples.
✔️ Care Tips:
- Keep her calm and comfortable.
- Double-check whelping supplies (towels, heating pads, vet’s contact info).
Week 9 (Days 57-63) – Labor & Birth
✔️ What’s Happening?
- Puppies drop into the birth canal.
- Labor begins within 24-48 hours of a temperature drop.
✔️ Signs of Impending Labor:
- Restlessness, panting, or pacing.
- Loss of appetite and vomiting.
- Temperature drop below 99°F (37.2°C).
✔️ Stages of Labor:
1️⃣ Stage 1: Nesting, panting, mild contractions (lasts up to 24 hours).
2️⃣ Stage 2: Active labor – puppies born (each birth 30-60 mins apart).
3️⃣ Stage 3: Expulsion of placenta and afterbirth.
✔️ Care Tips:
- Stay calm and monitor but do not interfere unless necessary.
- Have a vet’s number ready for emergencies.
Post-Birth: Caring for the Mother & Puppies
First 24 Hours:
✔️ Ensure all puppies nurse immediately for colostrum.
✔️ Watch for signs of retained placenta or excessive bleeding.
First Week:
✔️ Keep the room warm (85-90°F for newborns).
✔️ Monitor puppies for weight gain and proper feeding.
First Month:
✔️ By week 3-4, puppies start transitioning to solid food.
✔️ Monitor mom for postpartum infections or mastitis.
Final Thoughts: Preparing for a Healthy Pregnancy & Birth
A dog’s pregnancy lasts approximately 63 days, and each week brings important milestones. Understanding the pregnant dog timeline helps you provide proper nutrition, vet care, and a stress-free environment for a smooth whelping experience.
🎯 Key Takeaways:
✅ Pregnancy lasts 9 weeks on average.
✅ Early signs include appetite changes, morning sickness, and nipple enlargement.
✅ Puppies are fully developed by week 8, and labor usually occurs in week 9.
✅ Proper diet, a whelping box, and close monitoring ensure a safe delivery.
By staying informed, you can help your dog have a healthy pregnancy and smooth delivery. Need advice on puppy care after birth? Let me know! 🐶👶